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發(fā)布:2019-05-09 17:16:00編輯:視頻君來源:視頻教程網(wǎng)
知識點:《wins》 收集:史排磷 編輯:杜鵑花妹子
本知識點包括:1、wins是什么意思 2、WINS服務(wù)是一種怎樣的服務(wù)? 3、喬丹的名言翻譯:Talent wins games,but teamwork ... 4、簡述DNS和WINS的主要功能 5、怎么啟用WINS 。
[winz]
名詞的詞形變化
1.不規(guī)則復(fù)數(shù)形式
1)來自古英語的復(fù)數(shù)形式,如:
child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth goose---geese
man---men woman---women mouse---mice louse---lice
ox---oxen penny---pence analysis---analyses appendix---appendices
parenthesis---parentheses basis---bases ellipsis---ellipses
axis---axes hypothesis---hypotheses oasis---oases crisis----crises
criterion---criteria phenomenon---phenomena datum---data medium---media
bacterium---bacteria nucleus---nuclei fungus---fungi stimulus---stimuli
alumnus---alumni focus---foci radius---radii terminus---termini
larva---larvae alga---algae formula---formulae
#當代美國英語中往往把data當做單數(shù)用,因此常見到復(fù)數(shù)形式datas.另外,lens是一個單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,其復(fù)數(shù)形式為lenses.
1)詞尾讀音為[f]并以-f或0-fe結(jié)尾的名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式有以下幾種情況:
a)規(guī)則形式:
belief---beliefs chief----chiefs cliff----cliffs grief----griefs
b)不規(guī)則形式,即把-f或-fe變成-v,再加-es,讀音為[vz]:
calf---calves half---halves leaf----leaves life----lives
loaf---loaves self---shelves thief---thieves wife---wives
wolf---wolves
c)既可是規(guī)則形式又可是不規(guī)則形式:
dwarf---dwarfs/dwarves hoof---hoofs/hoves
scarf---scarfs/scarves wharf---wharfs/wharves
3)詞干以-o結(jié)尾的名次有三種情況:
a)附屬形式為-s:這類詞包括縮略詞kilos,photos;表示國籍或民族的詞Filipinos,Eskimos以及radios,solos,sopranos,
studios
b)復(fù)數(shù)形式為-es,如:heroes,potatoes,tomatoes,Negroes.
c)復(fù)數(shù)有規(guī)則的和不規(guī)則的兩種形式,如:
cargo---cargos/cargoes mosquito---mosquitos/mosquitoes volcano---volacbos/volcanoes
2.單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞
1)某些動物名詞,如:deer,grouse,salmon,trout,carp,bison,sheep等
2)以-ese或-ss結(jié)尾的表示民族或國籍的名詞,如:Chinses,Japanese,Portuguese,Swiss,Vietnamese等
3)某些以-s結(jié)尾的名詞,如:barracks,corps,crossroads,gallows,headquarters,means,series,species,works等
4)某些表示計量單位的名詞,如:horsepower,hertz,kilohertz,li,mu等
其他一些名詞,如:aircraft,spacercarft,craft,offspring等.其中請?zhí)貏e注意-s結(jié)尾的單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞,它們是考試的重點!
3.不可數(shù)名詞
不可數(shù)名詞前一般不需要加定冠詞,永遠不能加不定冠詞!
例如下列用法均屬錯誤:
the mathematics the banking a cloth an equipment
不可數(shù)名詞作主語,謂語要用單數(shù)形式.
如:Water is important.
但如果不可數(shù)名詞前面被piece,drop,set等詞修飾時,謂語應(yīng)該與piece,drop,set等的單復(fù)數(shù)形式保持一致
例如:Few drops of water are needed to save the flower.
下面是典型的不可數(shù)名詞,是應(yīng)該熟記的!
air,smoke,steam,vapor,hydrogen,oxygen,nitrogen,water,oil,soup,juice,ink,rain,snow,ice,tea,coffee,wine,sunlight,sunshine,
lightning,thunder,weather,darkness,heat,light,electricity,energy,power,sugar,salt,rice,corn,powder,flour,sand,dust,dirt,
garbage,grass,hair,furniture,luggage,clothing,mail,equipment,food,meat,fruit,bread,toast,stone,iron,copper,chalk,paper,
glass,wood,money,poetry,jewelry,machinery,weaponry,personnel,scenery,happiness,kindness,honesty,friendship,attention,wi
sdom,success,courage,bravery,health,wealth,ignorance,trouble,ease,luck,laughter,love,peace,news,information,knowledge,
intelligence,fun,pleasure,entertainment,enjoyment,recreation,relaxation,progress,room,work,homework,population,percent,
mathematics,econmics,statistics,meteorology,anthropology,architecture,physics,photography,ethics,politics,mechanics,
genetics,geology,geography,chemistry,philosophy,biology,history,music,English,measles,mumps,diabetes,malaria,pediatrics,
obsterics
請?zhí)貏e注意其中以-s結(jié)尾的不可數(shù)名詞,大家平時應(yīng)該積累遇到的不可數(shù)名詞
!注意下列可數(shù)名詞!
poet poem essay newspaper machine weapon scene photograph photographer
英語中有許多名詞既可作可數(shù),又可作不可數(shù).如:hair作“人或動物的毛”的時候是可數(shù)名詞,作頭發(fā)解釋時是不可數(shù)名詞.判斷一個詞是否可數(shù),除了記憶以外, 主要看題中該名詞的修飾詞來決定.如:much只能修飾不可數(shù)名詞
4.單數(shù)形式和復(fù)數(shù)形式的詞義不同的名詞
英語中有些名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式的詞義不同于單數(shù)形式,如:
air(空氣)---air(氣派) arm(手臂)---arms(武器) ash(灰)---ashes(骨灰;廢墟)
authority(權(quán)利)---authorities(當局) cloth(織物)---clothes(衣服) content(含量)---contents(目錄)
custom(習(xí)慣)---customs(海關(guān);關(guān)稅) damage(損害)---damages(賠償金) force(力量)---forces(武裝部隊)
glass(玻璃)---glasses(眼鏡) good(利益)---goods(貨物) green(綠色)---greens(青菜)
letter(字母)---letters(文學(xué)) manner(方式)---manners(舉止,儀態(tài)) minute(分鐘)---minutes(記錄)
pain(痛苦)---pains(勞苦) papaer(紙)---papers(文件) quarter(1/4)---quarter(宿舍)
spectacle(光景)---spectacles(眼鏡) spirit(精神)--- spirits(烈性酒) time(時間)---times(時代)
water(水)---waters(水域) wood(木頭)---woods(森林) work(工作)---works(工廠)
總結(jié)
1.單數(shù)名詞不能單獨存在,一般前面應(yīng)該有限定詞修飾.
2.不定冠詞a/an永遠只能修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞.
3.every和each永遠只能修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞.
但every+數(shù)詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞是正確的,如:every ten years
4.序數(shù)詞后面一般使用單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞.
5.anther永遠只修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞
但another+數(shù)詞/few+復(fù)數(shù)名詞是正確的,如:another eight years;another few books
6.other通常修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞,也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞.
但the other+is/was 單數(shù)名詞或any other+單數(shù)名詞是正確的,如
We have two girls in this team.One is Mary,the other is Alice.
Henry Smith is taller than any other student in his class.
7.下列詞和短語只能修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞
these,those,many,various,several,numerous,diverse,few,a few,both,a (good/large/great) number of,numbers of,one of
8.大于1的詞數(shù)只能修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞
!牢記的結(jié)構(gòu):one/two/many+of+限定詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞!
9.只能修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞的詞:
one,anther,a/an,this,that,each,every,either,such a,many a
!注意!many student以及many a student
10.只能修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞的詞:
>1的數(shù)字(two,six.),hundred,thousand,million,both,several,many,few,a few,these,those,a (good/large/great) number of
numbers of,the numberof,numbers of,numerous,various,diverse,a series of,a wide range of,a collevtion of
11.只修飾不可數(shù)名詞的詞:
much,little,a litter,a great deal of,a great amount of,a piece of,an article of
12.既可修飾不可數(shù)又能修飾可數(shù)的詞:
all (of) a lot of some (of) lots of any (of)
plenty of most (of) half (of) a wealth of (a) part of
enough (of) the rest of other one third of such
no a variety of
who 是第三人稱單數(shù) ,所以用wins
There are some pianos near the window(s)后面的s可加可不加,不過應(yīng)為你說的是復(fù)數(shù)形式,最好還是加上
e windows are in the walls
They have books
Don't come in
Is this your book?
一、規(guī)則變化如下:
1) 一般情況加 –s:map-maps boy-boys
2) 以s,sh,ch,x結(jié)尾加 –es bus-buses watch-watches
3) 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾,變y 為i再加es baby---babies city-cities country-countries
但以y結(jié)尾的專有名詞,或元音字母+y 結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時,直接加s變復(fù)數(shù).例如:two Marys the Henrys monkey---monkeys holiday---holidays
4) 以o結(jié)尾的名詞,變復(fù)數(shù)時:
a.以兩個元音字母結(jié)尾(其一必定是o)時,加es zoo-zoos kangaroo-kangarooes
b.某些外來詞 photo-photos piano-pianos
c.其余情況,都發(fā)o
5) 以f或fe 結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時:
a.加s,如:belief---beliefs roof---roofs
b.去f,fe 加ves,如:half---halves
c.上述a和b兩種方法均可,如handkerchief:handkerchiefs / handkerchieves.
二、不規(guī)則變化(需額外記憶)
1) child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth mouse---mice man---men woman---women
注意:由一個詞加 man 或 woman構(gòu)成的合成詞,其復(fù)數(shù)形式也是 -men 和-women,如an Englishman,two Englishmen.但German不是合成詞,故復(fù)數(shù)形式為Germans;Bowman是姓,其復(fù)數(shù)是the Bowmans.
2) 單復(fù)同形,如deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese ,li,jin,yuan,two li,three mu,four jin等.但除人民幣的元、角、分外,美元、英鎊、法郎等都有復(fù)數(shù)形式.如:a dollar,two dollars; a meter,two meters.
3) 集體名詞,以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn),但實為復(fù)數(shù).
例如:people police cattle 等本身就是復(fù)數(shù),不能說 a people,a police,a cattle,但可以說a person,a policeman,a head of cattle.
4) 以s結(jié)尾,仍為單數(shù)的名詞,如:
a.maths,politics,physics等學(xué)科名詞,一般是不可數(shù)名詞,為單數(shù).
b.news 為不可數(shù)名詞.
c.the United States,the United Nations 應(yīng)視為單數(shù).
The United Nations was organized in 1945.聯(lián)合國是1945年組建起來的.
d.以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的書名,劇名,報紙,雜志名,也可視為單數(shù).例如:
"The Arabian Nights" is a very interesting story-book.《一千零一夜》是一本非常有趣的故事書.
5) 表示由兩部分構(gòu)成的東西,如:glasses (眼鏡) trousers,clothes等,若表達具體數(shù)目,要借助數(shù)量詞 pair(對,雙); suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers等.6) 另外還有一些名詞,其復(fù)數(shù)形式有時可表示特別意思,如:goods貨物,waters水域,fishes(各種)魚.
7) 有些表示生物的名詞,其復(fù)數(shù)形式與單數(shù)相同.如:fish-fish,sheep-sheep,deer-deer.這類名詞還有aircraft,means等
提示:\“wins”的 原形是\“win”。作為名詞時,有\(zhòng)“勝利”的意思。作為動詞時,有以下意思:①贏;②贏得;③獲勝;④獲得;⑤取得。
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提示:天賦才能贏得比賽,但團隊合作贏得冠軍。 這里games指具體的每一場比賽,而championship,從字面上講也就是冠軍了,指向每場game的整體后果。 就好像打仗中小的戰(zhàn)役和整個戰(zhàn)爭的勝利一樣 你可能贏得battle,但不一定win the war.
提示:WINS是Windows Internet Naming Server,即Windows Internet命名服務(wù)。它提供一個分布式數(shù)據(jù)庫,能在路由網(wǎng)絡(luò)的環(huán)境中動態(tài)地對IP地址和NETBios名的映射進行注冊與查詢。 WINS用來登記NetBIOS計算機名,并在需要時將它解析成為IP地址。WINS數(shù)據(jù)庫...
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